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There have been significant advances in the diagnosis and management of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction over recent years, which has been reflected in an international decline in mortality rates. This article provides an overview of the 2020 European Society of Cardiology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the topic, concentrating on areas relevant to the general or emergency physician. The recommendations and underlying evidence basis are analysed in three key areas diagnosis (the recommendation to use high sensitivity troponin and how to apply it), pathways (the recommendation to facilitate early invasive coronary angiography to improve outcomes and shorten hospital stays) and treatment (a paradigm shift in the use of early intensive platelet inhibition). Gaps in the evidence base are highlighted, including the optimal management strategy for older people and the antiplatelet regime to consider when angiography may be delayed.Following hyperacute management after traumatic brain injury (TBI), most patients receive treatment which is inadequate or inappropriate, and delayed. This results in suboptimal rehabilitation outcome and avoidable detrimental chronic effects on patients' recovery. This worsens long-term disability, and magnifies costs to the individual and society. We believe that accurate diagnosis (at the level of pathology, impairment and function) of the causes of disability is a prerequisite for appropriate care and for accessing effective rehabilitation. An expert-led, integrated care pathway is needed to deliver accurate and timely diagnosis and optimal treatment at all stages during a TBI patient's care.We propose the introduction of a specialist interdisciplinary traumatic brain injury team, led by a neurosciences-trained brain injury consultant. This team would engage acutely and for a longer term after TBI to provide accurate diagnoses, which guides subsequent management and rehabilitation. This approach would also encourage more efficient collaboration between research and the clinic. We propose that the current major trauma network is leveraged to introduce and evaluate this proposal. Improvements to patient outcomes through this approach would lead to reduced personal, societal and economic impact of TBI.<br />Perioperative optimisation can improve outcomes for older people having surgery. Integration with primary care could improve quality and reduce variability in access to preoperative optimisation.<br />Our aim was to explore attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of general practitioners (GPs) regarding the perioperative pathway, and evaluate enablers and barriers to GP-led preoperative optimisation.<br />Stakeholder interviews (n=38) informed survey development. A purposive sampling frame was used to target delivery of online and paper surveys. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics.<br />We had 231 responses (response rate 32.7%). Enablers included belief among GPs that optimisation improves postoperative outcomes (86%) and that they have a role discussing modifiable risk factors with patients (85%). Barriers included low frequency exposure to older surgical patients, minimal training in perioperative medicine and rare interaction with perioperative services.<br />This survey illustrates the importance of interprofessional education, cross-sector training opportunities and collaboration to deliver integrated preoperative optimisation for older people undergoing surgery.<br />This survey illustrates the importance of interprofessional education, cross-sector training opportunities and collaboration to deliver integrated preoperative optimisation for older people undergoing surgery.<br />Reliable prediction of discharge destination in acute stroke informs discharge planning and can determine the expectations of patients and carers. There is no existing model that does this using routinely collected indices of pre-morbid disability and stroke severity.<br />Age, gender, pre-morbid modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were gathered prospectively on an acute stroke unit from 1,142 consecutive patients. A multiclass random forest classifier was used to train and validate a model to predict discharge destination.<br />Used alone, the mRS is the strongest predictor of discharge destination. The NIHSS is only predictive when combined with our other variables. The accuracy of the final model was 70.4% overall with a positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity of 0.88 and 0.78 for home as the destination, 0.68 and 0.88 for continued inpatient care, 0.7 and 0.53 for community hospital, and 0.5 and 0.18 for death, respectively.<br />Pre-stroke disability rather than stroke severity is the strongest predictor of discharge destination, but in combination with other routinely collected data, both can be used as an adjunct by the multidisciplinary team to predict discharge destination in patients with acute stroke.<br />Pre-stroke disability rather than stroke severity is the strongest predictor of discharge destination, but in combination with other routinely collected data, both can be used as an adjunct by the multidisciplinary team to predict discharge destination in patients with acute stroke.<br />Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly prevalent and were responsible for 40.5 million deaths (71%) globally in 2016. We examined the number of NCD-related emergency hospital admissions during the years 1998 to 2018 in the UK.<br />Demographic features for those admitted as an emergency with NCDs as their primary diagnosis were collated for all admissions in England, Wales and Scotland. [https://www.selleckchem.com/screening/chemical-library.html Bioactive Compound Library cell assay] NCDs recorded as secondary diagnoses for all admissions in England from 2012 to 2018 were additionally recorded.<br />We identified 120,662,155 emergency episodes of care. From 1998 to 2018 there was an increase from 1,416,233 to 1,892,501 in annual emergency admissions due to NCDs. This, however, represented a fall in the proportion of NCD among all emergency admissions, from 33.4% to 26.9%. Mean age of all patients admitted increased from 46.3 to 53.8 years.<br />Despite a fall in proportion of NCD admissions, the population acutely admitted to hospital was increasingly elderly and increasingly comorbid.<br />Despite a fall in proportion of NCD admissions, the population acutely admitted to hospital was increasingly elderly and increasingly comorbid.