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BACKGROUND Physical exercise is a potential intervention to revert or attenuate frailty syndrome, which may be accomplished by a traditional center-based and home-based programs. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a home-based and center-based exercise program on frailty status, physical and muscle function of frailty older women. METHODS Thirty-one frail older women were allocated in two different groups home-based group (n=17, 71.5 ± 6.5 years) or center-based group (n=14, 68.4 ± 6.4 years). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD6244.html Selumetinib] The exercise program lasted 12-weeks (3d/w), 60 min/session, including strengthening, balance, and gait exercises. Frailty status, knee, and hip strength, and physical function were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS After the exercise program, frailty was reversed in 76% of the participants independently of the exercise group. Muscle strength and physical function improved in both groups, where the Home-Based program presented a high adherence rate, and the Center-Based program was more suitable to reverse the frailty status. CONCLUSION In conclusion, a home-based exercise program is as effective as center-based to improve strength, physical function, and to reverse frailty status.Nerve regeneration remains a challenge. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC) differentiated neural stem cells (iNSCs) provide a promising hope. Zinc is closely involved in central nervous system (CNS) development and metabolism, but its role on iPSCs neural differentiation is elusive because of and lacking zinc detection methods of zinc in live cells are limited. In this study, intracellular zinc was detected in real-time by a novel zinc fluorescent chemosensor (ZFC), whose advantages are real-time detection and limited damage to cells; and intracellular zinc was shown to be increased during the iPSC neural induction process. iPSC neural Neural differentiation was promoted with the addition of zinc chloride (ZnCl2), but and inhibited with the addition of zinc chelator N,N,N0,N0-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylenediamine (TPEN) indicated by western blot and ELISA analysis of neural stem cell marker Nestin expression, and measurement of neurite-like structures. Meanwhile, Mechanistically, the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 and STAT3 was also regulated by changed with the zinc level, suggesting that zinc may affect the neural differentiation of iPSCs through ERK-STAT signaling. In conclusion, our study shows the important role of zinc in iPSC neural differentiation and suggests a new idea for iPSC-derived NSC application in nerve regeneration.Exit-site (ES) infection is a common complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Pseudomonas spp. is particularly difficult to treat, and catheter removal should be considered in persistent infections. The authors present a chronic ES infection resistant to directed antibiotic therapy in which catheter salvage was not possible. Removal was very difficult due to the presence of white sponge-like tissue with petrous consistency surrounding the catheter, all the way into the peritoneum. Histology revealed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma infiltrates. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a solid pancreatic (tail) lesion, nodular images on the greater epiploon, an adnexal lesion and a hepatic solid lesion, consistent with metastasis. The patient was referred for palliative care but maintained PD until untreatable pain and deterioration of general status aroused. Somewhere along the course of a chronic ES infection, the peritoneal catheter (and inflammation) was the metastatic path of an unknown pancreatic cancer, with neoplastic tissue reaching the skin. Catheter removal was crucial for diagnosis.Millions of children in China are diagnosed with developmental disabilities (DD), many of whom are subject to physical abuse. While a significant body of research suggests that parenting interventions can reduce the incidence and risk of such abuse, there is currently limited evidence of their effectiveness for this population or from non-English-speaking countries. This review involved searches in both English and Chinese databases to identify randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies of parenting interventions for families of children with DD in mainland China. Multilevel meta-analyses were undertaken to examine the effectiveness of parenting programs. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to investigate heterogeneity and identify potential moderators with a focus on intervention and delivery components. Risk of bias was assessed for each study. Thirty-one studies were included. The results showed that parenting interventions could reduce child emotional and behavioral problems (CEBP) and improve the parent-child relationship, although only one study directly measured the actual incidence of abuse. Programs for autism and epilepsy had stronger treatment effects. Teaching knowledge about CEBP, skills to improve parental mental health, and techniques to cultivate empathy were associated with program success; however, positive reinforcement was associated with more problems. The results also supported the delivery of programs with longer duration, a combination of group and individual sessions, efforts to build rapport, ongoing communication outside the programs, and delivery in hospitals or service agencies. Further research is needed, however, in addition to improvements in the quality of research and reporting.The placenta acts as an interface between the fetus and the expecting mother. Various drugs and environmental pollutants can pass through the human placental barrier and may harm the developing fetus. Currently available in vitro placental barrier models are often inadequate, because they are lacking the functional trophoblast cells. Therefore, we developed and characterized a new human placental model using trophoblast stem cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Umbilical vein endothelial cells, fibroblast, and trophoblast stem cells were co-cultured using micromesh cell culture technique. These cells formed a tight three-layered structure. This co-culture model induced progressive fusion of trophoblast stem cells and formed a syncytialized epithelium that resembles the in vivo syncytiotrophoblast. Our model allowed the cultured trophoblasts to form microvilli and to reconstitute expression and physiological localization of membrane transport proteins, such as transporter for ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1, ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 3, and glucose transporter-1.