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Complications with VATS-PDA occurred in eight out of 36 cases. There were three cases of pneumothorax, two of thoracotomy transition, two of pulmonary hemorrhage, and four of post-ligation cardiac syndrome (PLCS). VATS-PDA-related death occurred in two cases because of PLCS. The frequency of four or more times of indomethacin with or without postoperative complications was 88% vs. 39% (p=0.04), respectively.<br />All postoperative deaths were caused by PLCS, which had the highest risk of poor prognosis. VATS-PDA should be considered for unclosed PDA after one course of indomethacin administration.<br />All postoperative deaths were caused by PLCS, which had the highest risk of poor prognosis. VATS-PDA should be considered for unclosed PDA after one course of indomethacin administration.Bioaccumulation of hydrophobic pollutants in an aquatic food web is governed by exposure concentrations in sediment and water phases and by complex trophic interactions among the various species. Here, we demonstrate that biological interactions and exposure from the chemical environment can be deconvoluted for aquatic food webs to allow clearer assessments of the role of thermodynamic drivers from the sediment and surface water phases. We first demonstrate the feasibility of this deconvolution mathematically for hypothetical food webs with three and four interacting species and for more realistic real-world food webs with more than 10 species of aquatic organisms, i.e. the freshwater lake food-web in Western Lake Erie and the marine food-web in New Bedford Harbor. Our results show both mathematically (for the simple food-webs) and computationally (for the more complex food-webs), that a deconvoluted food web model parameterized for site specific conditions can predict the bioaccumulation of PCBs in aquatic organisms similar to that of existing complex food web models. The merit of this approach is that once the thermodynamic and biological contributions to food-web bioaccumulation are computed for an ecosystem, the deconvoluted model provides a relatively simple approach for calculating concentrations of chemicals in organisms for a range of possible surface water and sedimentary concentrations. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sr-0813.html read more] This approach is especially useful for calculating bioaccumulation of pollutants from freely dissolved concentrations measured using passive sampling devices or predicted by fate and transport models. The deconvoluted approach makes it possible to develop regulatory guidelines for a set of surface water and sediment (or porewater) concentration combinations for a water body that is able to achieve a risk-based target for fish concentration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Thioredoxins (TRXs) are ubiquitous disulfide oxidoreductases structured according to a highly conserved fold. TRXs are involved in a myriad of different processes through a common chemical mechanism. Plant TRXs evolved into seven types with diverse subcellular localization and distinct protein target selectivity. Five TRX types coexist in the chloroplast, with yet scarcely described specificities. We solved the crystal structure of a chloroplastic z-type TRX, revealing a conserved TRX fold with an original electrostatic surface potential surrounding the redox site. This recognition surface is distinct from all other known TRX types from plant and non-plant sources and is exclusively conserved in plant z-type TRXs. We show that this electronegative surface endows thioredoxin z (TRXz) with a capacity to activate the photosynthetic Calvin-Benson cycle enzyme phosphoribulokinase. The distinct electronegative surface of TRXz thereby extends the repertoire of TRX-target recognitions.Although adjuvant radiotherapy has been used for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, its outcome benefits, especially for patients with clear surgical margins, have not been statistically estimated, and the characteristics that can indicate patients who require adjuvant therapy need to be validated with more evidence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature on the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with cSCC treated by surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty related studies involving 2605 patients met our inclusion criteria. The significant survival outcomes of adjuvant radiotherapy included lower recurrence (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36-0.85), longer disease-free survival (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.23-3.83) and longer overall survival (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.75-4.91). Significant prognostic factors for poor outcomes were perineural invasion (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.24-2.09), involved surgical margins (HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.42-3.83) and immunosuppression (HR, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.14-4.25) while adjuvant radiotherapy significantly contributed to better overall survival (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34-0.65). In conclusion, this systematic review suggests that in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients with risk factors, including metastasis to the parotid gland, perineural invasion and immunosuppression, the use of adjuvant radiotherapy may be beneficial irrespective of surgical margin status.<br />Colloid cysts are relatively rare intracranial lesions located in the rostral aspect of third ventricle. They may produce acute hydrocephalus, brain herniation, and death. On conventional MRI, the appearance of a colloid cyst varies depending on its composition. Small isointense cysts can be missed. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new sign, "black rim susceptibility" sign for the accurate diagnosis of colloid cyst on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI).<br />A retrospective case-control study consisted of 100 MRI brain scans (19 cases and 81 controls) performed from January 2012 to September 2018. Two fellowship trained neuroradiologists individually interpreted SWI sequences for the presence of the "black rim susceptibility" sign (thin rim of dark signal along the periphery of a rounded, hyperintense focus).<br />The sample was 43% male and 57% female, with an average age of 51.8 ± 17.7. Out of 19 cases, 9 had undergone surgery in which pathology had confirmed colloid cyst. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for reader 1 was 94.