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Additionally, lifelong median ejaculation frequency was determined as 12 ± 5 for controls and 10 ± 4 for the PCa group. Inflammatory markers examined in serum and SII scores were observed to be statistically significantly increased in the cancer group.<br />The sexual behavior and inflammatory parameters among patients with PCa diagnosis were identified to be significantly high compared to the control group and appear to be possible correctable risk factors. Informing men about sexual behavior from an early age and taking precautions for people at risk in the early period may be protective against this disease.<br />The sexual behavior and inflammatory parameters among patients with PCa diagnosis were identified to be significantly high compared to the control group and appear to be possible correctable risk factors. Informing men about sexual behavior from an early age and taking precautions for people at risk in the early period may be protective against this disease.<br />Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cyclopamine.html Selleck Cyclopamine] Androgens regulate this protein and may increase the risk of COVID-19. Therefore, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may protect patients with prostate cancer from SARS-CoV-2 infection or decrease the severity of the disease. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to study the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on COVID-19 in patients with prostate cancer.<br />We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. All records underwent a two-step screening process to identify the eligible studies. The registered PROSPERO number of this study was CRD42021228398. We evaluated the effect of ADT on the risk of infection, hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality.<br />Six studies met inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this study. We performed meta-analysis on four eligible studies. The overall incidence of COVID-19 was 2.65% among patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT. COVID-19 mortality rahand, ADT did not increase the mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 and should be considered a safe treatment for patients with prostate cancer during the pandemic. Further studies are necessary to confirm our findings.<br />Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, and the lung may be a target organ of diabetic microvascular damage. Several studies have indicated a positive association between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and diabetes with controversial findings.<br />Primary outcomes were to compare the prevalence of DM among individuals with IPF to non-IPF controls, and the prevalence of IPF among individuals with DM to non-DM controls.<br />PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library.<br />Studies contained sufficient data to calculate the prevalence of DM among individuals with and without IPF, or the prevalence of IPF among individuals with and without DM.<br />Two investigators independently identified eligible studies and extracted data. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs was the summary effect measure.<br />Eighteen studies including 26,410,623 individuals met eligibility criteria, of which 16 recruited people with IPF and 2 recruited people with DM. The OR of DM in IPF subjects was 1.54 (95% CI 1.30-1.84; P&lt;0.001) compared to that in non-IPF controls. However, compared with that in non-DM patients, the risk of IPF in DM patients was not found to be significantly reduced (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.64-1.25; P=0.497).<br />This meta-analysis suggests that people with IPF have 1.54 times increased odds of diabetes compared to non-IPF controls, while whether patients with DM have an increased risk of IPF is still controversial. Further large, prospective cohort studies investigating the prevalence of IPF in diabetic patients are warranted.<br />This meta-analysis suggests that people with IPF have 1.54 times increased odds of diabetes compared to non-IPF controls, while whether patients with DM have an increased risk of IPF is still controversial. Further large, prospective cohort studies investigating the prevalence of IPF in diabetic patients are warranted.Brazil has been at the forefront in replacing the stigmatising term 'leprosy' with the non-pejorative alternative 'Hansen's disease' ('hanseníase'), with use of the former word prohibited by law since 1995. This change followed decades of advocacy, including by civil society organisations representing people affected by the disease. A survey of people affected by Hansen's disease in Brazil found that 111/112 respondents preferred the alternative term, supporting the view that consideration of non-stigmatising terminology that respects the wishes of people affected by the disease should be part of the WHO Global Leprosy (Hansen's disease) Strategy to achieve 'zero stigma' by 2030.Climate change has escalated abiotic stresses leading to adverse effects on plant growth and development; eventually deteriorating crop productivity. Environmental stresses induce epigenetic changes viz. cytosine DNA methylation and histone post translational modifications; altering chromatin structure and gene expression. Stable epigenetic changes are inheritable across generations and this enable plants to adapt to environmental changes (epipriming). Hence, epigenomes serve as a good source of additional tier of variability for development of climate smart crops. Epigenetic resources such as epialleles, epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs), epigenetic quantitative trait loci (epiQTLs) and epigenetic hybrids (epiHybrids) can be utilized in epibreeding for improving stress tolerance of crops. Epigenome engineering is also gaining momentum for developing sustainable epimarks associated with important agronomic traits. Different epigenome editing tools are available for creating, erasing and reading such epigenetic codes in plant genomes. However, epigenome editing is still understudied in plants due to its complex requisite. Epigenetic interventions like epi-fingerprinting can be exploited in near future for crops' health and quality assessment under stress conditions. Keeping in view the challenges and opportunities associated with this important technology, present review intends to enhance understanding of stress induced epigenetic changes in plants and its prospects in development of climate ready crops.