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Sir William Osler espoused a particularly idealized medical life that included the patient in the physician's worldview. Disease is not considered a monolith, only a reflection of one's broader health. Death, too, is configured as a part of one's being, not as a thing apart from life. The wholesomeness that characterized Osler's practice is well known-however, his long discussions and thoughts on death have not been sufficiently analyzed. His clinical views have been hinted at and numerous medical historians have noted that Osler's worldview on death was avant-garde for its time, one in which he described finality not as a time of suffering and anguish, but as "singularly free from mental distress." This essay contends with this simple view. This straightforward understanding becomes complicated when delving into such primary resources as Osler's Study on Dying cards, his writings on other medical conditions, and personal reflections following the personal losses of his sons Edward Revere Osler and Paul Revere Osler. This essay contends that the loss and the death he imagines is not one of peace, but rather, of horror and terror. Furthermore, the primary sources show Osler not as the paragon of flawless clinical acumen and reasoning, but a man of personal beliefs that were in conflict with views he espoused more publicly. The essay therefore reconceptualizes the common understanding of a stoic Osler, determines how death prefigures into Oslerian thought, and challenges the idea of an Oslerian simple death.<br />Teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) are first-line disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis with similar labels that are used in comparable populations.<br />The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and persistence of teriflunomide and DMF in a Swedish real-world setting.<br />All relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients in the Swedish MS registry initiating teriflunomide or DMF were included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was treatment persistence. Propensity score matching was used to adjust comparisons for baseline confounders.<br />A total of 353 teriflunomide patients were successfully matched to 353 DMF. There was no difference in the rate of overall treatment discontinuation by treatment group across the entire observation period (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.91-1.39;<br />= 0.277; reference = teriflunomide). Annualised relapse rate (ARR) was comparable (<br />= 0.237) between DMF (0.07; 95% CI = 0.05-0.10) and teriflunomide (0.09; 95% CI = 0.07-0.12). There was no difference in time to first on-treatment relapse (HR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.50-1.21), disability progression (HR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.27-1.12) or confirmed improvement (HR = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.57-2.36).<br />This population-based real-world study reports similarities in treatment persistence, clinical effectiveness and quality of life outcomes between teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate.<br />This population-based real-world study reports similarities in treatment persistence, clinical effectiveness and quality of life outcomes between teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate.Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based automated depression diagnosis systems have been suggested for early and accurate detection of mood disorders. EEG signals are highly irregular, nonlinear, and nonstationary in nature and are traditionally studied from a linear viewpoint by means of statistical and frequency features. Since, linear metrics present certain limitations and nonlinear methods have proven to be an efficient tool in understanding the complexities of the brain in the identification of underlying behavior of biological signals, such as electrocardiogram, EEG and magnetoencephalogram and thus, can be applied to all nonstationary signals. Various nonlinear algorithms can be used in the analysis of EEG signals. In this research paper, we aim to develop a novel methodology for EEG-based depression diagnosis utilizing 2 advanced computational techniques frequency-domain extended multivariate autoregressive (eMVAR) and deep learning (DL). We proposed a hybrid method comprising a pretrained ResNet-50 and long-short term memory (LSTM) to capture depression-specific information and compared with a strong conventional machine learning (ML) framework having eMVAR connectivity features. The following 8 causality measures, which interpret the interaction mechanisms among spectrally decomposed oscillations, were used to extract features from multivariate EEG time series directed coherence (DC), directed transfer function (DTF), partial DC (PDC), generalized PDC (gPDC), extended DC (eDC), delayed DC (dDC), extended PDC (ePDC), and delayed PDC (dPDC). The classification accuracies were 84% with DC, 85% with DTF, 95.3% with PDC, 95.1% with gPDC, 84.8% with eDC, 84.6% with dDC, 84.2% with ePDC, and 95.9% with dPDC for the eMVAR framework. Through a DL framework (ResNet-50 + LSTM), the classification accuracy was achieved as 90.22%. The results demonstrate that our DL methodology is a competitive alternative to the strong feature extraction-based ML methods in depression classification.The influence of the menopausal transition, with a consequent loss of estrogen, on capillary growth in response to exercise training remains unknown. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/umi-77.html Selleck UMI-77] In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a period of intense endurance training on skeletal muscle angiogenesis in late premenopausal and recent postmenopausal women with an age difference of less then 4 yr. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from the thigh muscle before and after 12 wk of intense aerobic cycle training and analyzed for capillarization, fiber-type distribution, and content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). At baseline, there was no difference in capillary per fiber ratio (CF; 1.41 ± 0.22 vs. 1.40 ± 0.30), capillary density (CD; 305 ± 61 vs. 336 ± 52 mm2), muscle fiber area (MFA; 4,889 ± 1,868 vs. 4,195 ± 749), or distribution of muscle fiber type I (47.3% ± 10.1% vs. 49.3% ± 15.1%), between the pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively. There was a main effect of training on the CF ratio (+9.2% and +12.1%, for the pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively) and the CD (+6.