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Recent studies have shown the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the tissues of clinically recovered patients and persistent immune symptoms in discharged patients for up to several months. Pregnant patients were shown to be a high-risk group for COVID-19. Based on these findings, we assessed SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and protein retention in the placentas of pregnant women who had fully recovered from COVID-19 and cytokine fluctuations in maternal and foetal tissues.<br />Remnant SARS-CoV-2 in the term placenta was detected using nucleic acid amplification and immunohistochemical staining of the SARS-CoV-2 protein. The infiltration of CD14+ macrophages into the placental villi was detected by immunostaining. The cytokines in the placenta, maternal plasma, neonatal umbilical cord, cord blood and amniotic fluid specimens at delivery were profiled using the Luminex assay.<br />Residual SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and protein were detected in the term placentas of recovered pregnant women. The infiltration of CD14+ macrophages into the placental villi of the recovered pregnant women was higher than that in the controls. Furthermore, the cytokine levels in the placenta, maternal plasma, neonatal umbilical cord, cord blood and amniotic fluid specimens fluctuated significantly.<br />Our study showed that SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid (in one patient) and protein (in five patients) were present in the placentas of clinically recovered pregnant patients for more than 3months after diagnosis. The immune responses induced by the virus may lead to prolonged and persistent symptoms in the maternal plasma, placenta, umbilical cord, cord blood and amniotic fluid.<br />Our study showed that SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid (in one patient) and protein (in five patients) were present in the placentas of clinically recovered pregnant patients for more than 3 months after diagnosis. The immune responses induced by the virus may lead to prolonged and persistent symptoms in the maternal plasma, placenta, umbilical cord, cord blood and amniotic fluid.Epitranscriptomics is an emerging field of investigation dedicated to the study of post-transcriptional RNA modifications. RNA methylations regulate RNA metabolism and processing, including changes in response to environmental cues. Although RNA modifications are conserved from bacteria to eukaryotes, there is little evidence of an epitranscriptomic pathway in insects. Here we identified genes related to RNA m6 A (N6-methyladenine) and m5 C (5-methylcytosine) methylation machinery in seven bee genomes (Apis mellifera, Melipona quadrifasciata, Frieseomelitta varia, Eufriesea mexicana, Bombus terrestris, Megachile rotundata and Dufourea novaeangliae). In A. mellifera, we validated the expression of methyltransferase genes and found that the global levels of m6 A and m5 C measured in the fat body and brain of adult workers differ significantly. Also, m6 A levels were differed significantly mainly between the fourth larval instar of queens and workers. Moreover, we found a conserved m5 C site in the honeybee 28S rRNA. Taken together, we confirm the existence of epitranscriptomic machinery acting in bees and open avenues for future investigations on RNA epigenetics in a wide spectrum of hymenopteran species.<br />Adjusting abnormal glutamate neurotransmission is a crucial mechanism in the treatment of depression. However, few non-invasive techniques could effectively detect changes in glutamate neurotransmitters, and no consensus exists on whether glutamate could affect resting-state function changes in depression.<br />To study the changes in glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) value in the hippocampus of rat model exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and to explore the effect of this change on the activity of hippocampal glutamatergic neurons.<br />Prospective animal study.<br />Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-300 g).<br />7.0 T scanner. Fat rapid acquisition relaxation enhancement sequence for GluCEST, and echo planner imaging sequence for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs_fMRI).<br />Rats were divided into two groups CUMS group (N=10) and control group (CTRL, N=10). The magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry analysis was used to quantify the GluCEST data, and evaluate the rs_fMRI data through the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis.<br />A t-test was used to compare the difference in GluCEST or rs_fMRI between CUMS and CTRL groups. Spearman's correlation was applied to explore the correlation between GluCEST values and abnormal fMRI values in hippocampus. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/epacadostat-incb024360.html https://www.selleckchem.com/products/epacadostat-incb024360.html] Statistical significance was set at P &lt; 0.05.<br />The GluCEST value in the left hippocampus has changed significantly (3.3 ± 0.3 [CUMS] vs. 3.9 ± 0.4 [CTRL], P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the GluCEST value was significantly positively correlated with the ALFF values (r=0.5, P &lt; 0. 05, df=7) and negatively correlated with the ReHo values (r=-0.6, P &lt; 0.05, df=7).<br />GluCEST technique has the feasibility of mapping glutamate changes in rat depression. Glutamate neurotransmitters are important factors affecting the abnormal function of neural activity.<br />2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 1.<br />2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 1.Short sleep appears to elevate obesity risk in youth; however, sleep is a multidimensional construct, and few studies have investigated parameters beyond duration. The objective of this study was to investigate if sleep onset time, duration, latency and night waking frequency are independently associated with adiposity and weight status in UK adolescents. This was a cross-sectional observational study of 10,619, 13-15 years olds. Adjusted linear and logistic regressions were used to investigate associations of self-reported sleep characteristics with adiposity markers (body mass index z-score and percent body fat) and weight status. Compared with a sleep onset before 10pm, later sleep timing was associated with higher adiposity and higher likelihood of overweight and obesity in boys (after midnight, odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.76 [1.19-2.60]) and girls (between 11pm and 1159pm 1.36 [1.17-1.65]). Sleeping ≤ 8 hr, compared with &gt; 9-10 hr, was associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity in both sexes (boys 1.