View source for Picosecond heart beat development in the existence of atmospheric assimilation

We compare our approach to autoencoder models for manifold learning to provide qualitative and quantitative evidence of our advantages in preserving intrinsic structure, out of sample extension, and reconstruction. Our method is easily implemented for big-data applications, whereas other methods are limited in this regard.Focused ultrasound (FUS)-enabled liquid biopsy (sonobiopsy) is an emerging technique for the noninvasive and spatiotemporally controlled diagnosis of brain cancer by inducing blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption to release brain tumor-specific biomarkers into the blood circulation. The feasibility, safety, and efficacy of sonobiopsy were demonstrated in both small and large animal models using magnetic resonance-guided FUS devices. However, the high cost and complex operation of magnetic resonance-guided FUS devices limit the future broad application of sonobiopsy in the clinic. In this study, a neuronavigation-guided sonobiopsy device is developed and its targeting accuracy is characterized in vitro, in vivo, and in silico. The sonobiopsy device integrated a commercially available neuronavigation system (BrainSight) with a nimble, lightweight FUS transducer. Its targeting accuracy was characterized in vitro in a water tank using a hydrophone. The performance of the device in BBB disruption was verified in vivo using a pig model, and the targeting accuracy was quantified by measuring the offset between the target and the actual locations of BBB opening. The feasibility of the FUS device in targeting glioblastoma (GBM) tumors was evaluated in silico using numerical simulation by the k-Wave toolbox in glioblastoma patients. It was found that the targeting accuracy of the neuronavigation-guided sonobiopsy device was 1.7 ± 0.8 mm as measured in the water tank. The neuronavigation-guided FUS device successfully induced BBB disruption in pigs with a targeting accuracy of 3.3 ± 1.4 mm. The targeting accuracy of the FUS transducer at the GBM tumor was 5.5 ± 4.9 mm. Age, sex, and incident locations were found to be not correlated with the targeting accuracy in glioblastoma patients. This study demonstrated that the developed neuronavigation-guided FUS device could target the brain with a high spatial targeting accuracy, paving the foundation for its application in the clinic.Surface electromyogram (sEMG) is arguably the most sought-after physiological signal with a broad spectrum of biomedical applications, especially in miniaturized rehabilitation robots such as multifunctional prostheses. The widespread use of sEMG to drive pattern recognition (PR)-based control schemes is primarily due to its rich motor information content and non-invasiveness. Moreover, sEMG recordings exhibit non-linear and non-uniformity properties with inevitable interferences that distort intrinsic characteristics of the signal, precluding existing signal processing methods from yielding requisite motor control information. Therefore, we propose a multiresolution decomposition driven by dual-polynomial interpolation (MRDPI) technique for adequate denoising and reconstruction of multi-class EMG signals to guarantee the dual-advantage of enhanced signal quality and motor information preservation. Parameters for optimal MRDPI configuration were constructed across combinations of thresholding estimation schemes and signal resolution levels using EMG datasets of amputees who performed up to 22 predefined upper-limb motions acquired in-house and from the public NinaPro database. Experimental results showed that the proposed method yielded signals that led to consistent and significantly better decoding performance for all metrics compared to existing methods across features, classifiers, and datasets, offering a potential solution for practical deployment of intuitive EMG-PR-based control schemes for multifunctional prostheses and other miniaturized rehabilitation robotic systems that utilize myoelectric signals as control inputs.In-loop filters have attracted increasing attention due to the remarkable noise-reduction capability in the hybrid video coding framework. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/abt-199.html find more] However, the existing in-loop filters in Versatile Video Coding (VVC) mainly take advantage of the image local similarity. Although some non-local based in-loop filters can make up for this shortcoming, the widely-used unsupervised parameter estimation method by non-local filters limits the performance. In view of this, we propose a deformable Wiener Filter (DWF). It combines the local and non-local characteristics and supervisedly trains the filter coefficients based on the Wiener Filter theory. In the filtering process, local adjacent samples and non-local similar samples are first derived for each sample of interest. Then the to-be-filtered samples are classified into specific groups based on the patch-level noise and sample-level characteristics. Samples in each group share the same filter coefficients. After that, the local and non-local reference samples are adaptively fused based on the classification results. Finally, the filtering operation with outlier data constraints is conducted for each to-be-filtered sample. Moreover, the performance of the proposed DWF is analyzed with different reference sample derivation schemes in detail. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves 1.16%, 1.92%, and 2.67% bit-rate savings on average compared to the VTM-11.0 for All Intra, Random Access, and Low-Delay B configurations, respectively.Event cameras such as DAVIS can simultaneously output high temporal resolution events and low frame-rate intensity images, which own great potential in capturing scene motion, such as optical flow estimation. Most of the existing optical flow estimation methods are based on two consecutive image frames and can only estimate discrete flow at a fixed time interval. Previous work has shown that continuous flow estimation can be achieved by changing the quantities or time intervals of events. However, they are difficult to estimate reliable dense flow, especially in the regions without any triggered events. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based dense and continuous optical flow estimation framework from a single image with event streams, which facilitates the accurate perception of high-speed motion. Specifically, we first propose an event-image fusion and correlation module to effectively exploit the internal motion from two different modalities of data. Then we propose an iterative update network structure with bidirectional training for optical flow prediction. Therefore, our model can estimate reliable dense flow as two-frame-based methods, as well as estimate temporal continuous flow as event-based methods. Extensive experimental results on both synthetic and real captured datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms existing event-based state-of-the-art methods and our designed baselines for accurate dense and continuous optical flow estimation.Synthetic lethality (SL) is a potential cancer therapeutic strategy and drug discovery. Computational approaches to identify synthetic lethality genes have become an effective complement to wet experiments which are time consuming and costly. Graph convolutional networks (GCN) has been utilized to such prediction task as be good at capturing the neighborhood dependency in a graph. However, it is still a lack of the mechanism of aggregating the complementary neighboring information from various heterogeneous graphs. Here, we propose the Multiple Attention Graph Convolution Networks for predicting synthetic lethality (MAGCN). First, we obtain the functional similarity features and topological structure features of genes from different data sources respectively, such as Gene Ontology data and Protein-Protein Interaction. Then, graph convolutional network is utilized to accumulate the knowledge from neighbor nodes according to synthetic lethal associations. Meanwhile, we propose a multiple graphs attention model and construct a multiple graphs attention network to learn the contribution factors of different graphs to generate embedded representation by aggregating these graphs. Finally, the generated feature matrix is decoded to predict potential synthetic lethal interaction. Experimental results show that MAGCN is superior to other baseline methods. Case study demonstrates the ability of MAGCN to predict human SL gene pairs.Transcription factors (TFs) play a part in gene expression. TFs can form complex gene expression regulation system by combining with DNA. Thereby, identifying the binding regions has become an indispensable step for understanding the regulatory mechanism of gene expression. Due to the great achievements of applying deep learning (DL) to computer vision and language processing in recent years, many scholars are inspired to use these methods to predict TF binding sites (TFBSs), achieving extraordinary results. However, these methods mainly focus on whether DNA sequences include TFBSs. In this paper, we propose a fully convolutional network (FCN) coupled with refinement residual block (RRB) and global average pooling layer (GAPL), namely FCNARRB. Our model could classify binding sequences at nucleotide level by outputting dense label for input data. Experimental results on human ChIP-seq datasets show that the RRB and GAPL structures are very useful for improving model performance. Adding GAPL improves the performance by 9.32% and 7.61% in terms of IoU (Intersection of Union) and PRAUC (Area Under Curve of Precision and Recall), and adding RRB improves the performance by 7.40% and 4.64%, respectively. In addition, we find that conservation information can help locate TFBSs.Recent advancements in deep learning methods bring computer-assistance a step closer to fulfilling promises of safer surgical procedures. However, the generalizability of such methods is often dependent on training on diverse datasets from multiple medical institutions, which is a restrictive requirement considering the sensitive nature of medical data. Recently proposed collaborative learning methods such as Federated Learning (FL) allow for training on remote datasets without the need to explicitly share data. Even so, data annotation still represents a bottleneck, particularly in medicine and surgery where clinical expertise is often required. With these constraints in mind, we propose FedCy, a federated semi-supervised learning (FSSL) method that combines FL and self-supervised learning to exploit a decentralized dataset of both labeled and unlabeled videos, thereby improving performance on the task of surgical phase recognition. By leveraging temporal patterns in the labeled data, FedCy helps guide unsupervised training on unlabeled data towards learning task-specific features for phase recognition. We demonstrate significant performance gains over state-of-the-art FSSL methods on the task of automatic recognition of surgical phases using a newly collected multi-institutional dataset of laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our approach also learns more generalizable features when tested on data from an unseen domain.Currently, data-driven based machine learning is considered one of the best choices in clinical pathology analysis, and its success is subject to the sufficiency of digitized slides, particularly those with deep annotations. Although centralized training on a large data set may be more reliable and more generalized, the slides to the examination are more often than not collected from many distributed medical institutes. This brings its own challenges, and the most important is the assurance of privacy and security of incoming data samples. In the discipline of histopathology image, the universal stain-variation issue adds to the difficulty of an automatic system as different clinical institutions provide distinct stain styles. To address these two important challenges in AI-based histopathology diagnoses, this work proposes a novel conditional Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with one orchestration generator and multiple distributed discriminators, to cope with multiple-client based stain-style normalization.