The present Status associated with COVID19 Vaccines

The hypoxic microenvironment in NSCLC has been widely accepted as a contributor to both therapeutic resistance and tumor progression. In this study, we have explored Allicin, a key organosulfur compound present in garlic for its previously unreported effectiveness in the heterogeneous hypoxic tumor microenvironment of NSCLC.
The effect of Allicin on the viability of NSCLC cells was determined by MTT assay. To determine the migration rate of treated cells compared to the control, scratch and transwell migration assays were performed. Flowcytometry was done to explore cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and ROS production in cells. Fluorescence microscopy was used to examine autophagy and DNA damage in cells. Dot blot was done to check genome wide methylation. RNA expression was detected by RT-PCR and protein expression by western blotting.
Allicin significantly decreases cell viability, proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells in both normoxia and hypoxia. It elicits both apoptosis and autophagy pathway cisplatin-based chemotherapy and provide new, affordable therapeutic strategy with reduced side effects.Within an unrelenting COVID-19 pandemic, the burden of helping without harming has grown under the weight of destructive political bias which is harming without helping. This pandemic has created three flashpoints surrounding patient, population and policy. As science is further politicized, the coronafication of medicine is now a subset of the politicization of everything and is challenging these obligations. It is not the presence of personal political bias which degrades science, it is the absence of institutional acknowledgment as conflict of interest. Physicians must interrogate in Socratic fashion, seven deadly sins of destructive bias - character assassination, raw animus, cynical omniscience, historical amnesia, false choice, divisive labelling and selective truthing, which undermine our coming together. At a time when public trust is at risk, we must defend the best interest of the patient against politicized science - for this bias has reached the bedside.In this article we report a series of cases with a cystic appearance clinically which were diagnosed as surprising entities histologically. The aim of presenting these cases is to demonstrate the importance of always sending clinically-appearing 'cysts' to pathology, because even the most experienced clinicians can be fooled by these lesions.A 71-year-old female presented to the ophthalmology clinic with bilateral brown to black pigmentary cysts in the lower palpebral conjunctiva following eight months of 100 mg twice daily oral minocycline therapy for long- standing pyoderma gangrenosum. Minocycline-induced pigmentation has been reported in skin, nails, teeth, mucosa, thyroid, bones, and sclera. To our knowledge, since 1981, only eight cases of minocycline-induced conjunctival pigmentation have been reported, all of which occurred after longer usage and higher cumulative doses of minocycline. The diagnosis could be verified by cobalt blue filter autofluorescence. Too few cases of this benign condition exist to establish management guidelines, risk stratification of minocycline dosage/length of therapy, or other contributing patient-demographic factors. In this case, minocycline discontinuation was recommended, and a two-month follow-up ophthalmologic exam revealed unchanged pigmentation.Cardiac sarcoidosis is a rare clinical diagnosis, but can be identified in autopsy in up to a quarter of patients with sarcoidosis. Bradycardia, heart block, and syncope are often the presenting arrhythmias associated with sarcoidosis, but ventricular tachycardia can also occur. We present a patient presenting in ventricular tachycardia, later found to have multi-organ system involvement of sarcoidosis. The patient required pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and immunosuppression for management of cardiac sarcoidosis. Patients with cardiac sarcoidosis are at elevated risk for arrhythmias, and patients with ventricular tachycardia and reduced ejection fraction should be evaluated for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. In conclusion, sarcoid cardiomyopathy can present as ventricular tachycardia, and requires evaluation and management targeted at prevention of sudden cardiac death.Endometriosis is a disease that affects a significant portion of reproductive age women. It can cause chronic pelvic pain and has been associated with subfertility. Treatment options differ depending on a patient's reproductive goals; women who do not desire pregnancy are treated with hormonal medications including combined oral contraceptives, progestin only pills or intrauterine devices, gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and antagonists, and danocrine. The treatment options for women desiring pregnancy are more limited and most often include surgery to improve pain symptoms and increase the chances of conception. However, the chance of a successful pregnancy does not increase with each concurrent endometriosis surgery, and in fact may merely delay fertility treatment using assisted reproductive technology.COVID-19 typically presents as severe pneumonia often requiring intubation and ICU management. Descriptions of the potential neurological symptoms in this disease state exist, but minimal research has been conducted on the prevalence of delirium. This case report describes a patient with no past psychiatric history who developed psychotic symptoms in the context of acute COVID-19 delirium. Clinicians should consider COVID-19 in their differential diagnosis with any patient who presents with psychotic symptoms, even in the absence of the typical COVID-19 symptoms of cough or fever. Rule out of COVID-19 via PCR should be completed on any new delirium case, and appropriate isolation of psychiatric patients should occur until negative results are obtained.
Mammary-type myofibroblastoma is a very rare, benign, mesenchymal neoplasm that is histologically identical to a myofibroblastoma of the breast but located in an extra-mammary location. To our knowledge, there have been about 160 cases of extra-mammary myofibroblastoma reported to date. Our report describes a mammary-type myofibroblastoma located retro-rectally in the pre-sacral space.
Our patient is a 55-year-old male that presented via referral for evaluation of a pelvic mass. He noted having a few loose stools since the mass had become apparent but did not report any other associated symptoms. An MRI of the pelvis revealed a 9 cm, fat containing, solid, retro-rectal mass within the pre-sacral space, which did not appear to be contiguous with the rectum, ureters, or pelvic sidewall. He elected to have the mass surgical removed. The mass was removed as a single specimen that measured 9.5 x 7.5 x 7.0 cm. By immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells show co-expression of desmin, CD34, estrogen receptor, aumors should be investigated to rule out other more serious pathologies and removed due to their high curability with surgical resection.Introduction Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D less then 30 ng/mL) in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) is a frequent finding and represents an important component in the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Therefore, its more systematic supplementation is recommended. We herein report our experience on the impact of cholecalciferol supplementation on PTH and 25(OH)D levels in a group of RTRs with 25(OH)D less then 30 ng/mL and SHPT. Patients and Methods For this purpose, 52 RTRs with SHPT were treated with cholecalciferol at the fixed dose of 25,000 IU p.o. weekly for 12 months. For the control group we selected 23 RTRs with SHPT and 25(OH)D levels less then 30 ng/mL. Every 6 weeks eGFR, sCa and sPO4 levels were evaluated; PTH, 25(OH)D, FECa e TmPO 4 were evaluated every 6 months. Results At baseline, the two groups had similar clinical characteristics and biohumoral parameters. Parathormone was negatively correlated with 25(OH)D levels (r=-0.250; P less then 0.001) and TmPO4 values (r=-0.therapeutic approach to IPS.As much as 16-17% European and American patients on renal replacement therapy do not have a conclusive diagnosis of the cause of their renal failure. This may have important implications on the types of morbidity they can develop in case of systemic diseases with extrarenal involvement, or recurrent renal diseases in transplanted patients. A better knowledge of the underlying disease can have important prognostic and therapeutic repercussions. In this study we evaluated the rate of uremic patients who can benefit from a genomic diagnostic approach. Patients liable to a future genomic diagnostic study were selected based on two criteria (i) age of dialysis entry less or equal to 55 years, and (ii) presence of a non-conclusive diagnosis. Based on the data extracted from the REGDIAL registry, we analyzed 534 patients undergoing renal replacement therapy. We identified 300 patients with age of entry into replacement therapy less then 55 years (56.2% of the overall study population). Among these, we identified 107 patients with missing or inconclusive diagnosis, which was equal to 20% of the overall population. Of these patients, 32.8% reported a positive family history of kidney disease. This study confirms that a significant proportion of patients on renal replacement therapy do not have an etiological diagnosis and may be subject to a genomic evaluation. With the increasing availability of genomic sequencing technology and the falling of related costs, nephrologists will be increasingly inclined to incorporate clinical genetic testing into their diagnostic armamentarium. There is therefore a need for in-depth, multicenter studies aimed at developing evidence-based guidelines, clear indications and at confirming the usefulness of genetic testing in nephrology.Background and objectives Chronic dialysis in frail nephropathic patients can worsen the symptom load and their functional autonomy, increasing the risk of early mortality. It is key to evaluate if dialysis treatment represents a real advantage for these patients; Maximum Conservative Therapy (MCT) associated with palliative care, could improve their residual quality of life, avoiding dialysis. The aim of this work is to describe the application and the relative terms of MCT in a complete series of cases followed in our Nephrological Clinic. Study design and setting This is a retrospective observational study on a cohort of 48 frail nephropathic patients in MCT and 58 on dialysis, in the period between January 2013 and December 2019. selleck inhibitor The place of death, Incidence Rate (IR) and Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) related to survival and hospitalization rates were studied. Results The average duration of MCT was 9.7 months vs 13.5 months of dialysis treatment. One-year probability of survival of dialysis patient was 0.52 [CI 0.38-0.64] vs 0.48 [CI 0.33-0.62] in MCT patients; however, dialysis patients had higher rates of hospitalization (IR 2.780 vs 1.269 in MCT patients), IRR 2.19 [CI 1.66-2.89], according to literature [13]. 67% of dialysis patients died in hospital versus 35% of MCT patients. 34% of MCT patients are still alive at the time of data analysis (January 31, 2020); no dialysis patients are still alive on the same date. Conclusions The use of dialysis has shown a marginal, even though significant, effect on the average survival of frail nephropathic patients; however, they present a higher hospitalization rate, with consequent impact on the quality of life. The choice of the treatment (MCT vs dialysis) should not be merely based on the presence of comorbidities, but rather on the type of comorbidity found, which represents each time an element in favor of MCT or dialysis.