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05). In addition, doses of 200 mg/kg BW significantly increased the activity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, prevented the proliferation of mammary gland epithelial cells, and yielded a significantly thinner epithelium of the mammary gland (p<0.05).
It can be concluded that EEROP was an effective anti-cancer agent by modulating the immune response. Further studies using a nanoparticle system are warranted to achieve optimal working conditions for these bioactive compounds.
It can be concluded that EEROP was an effective anti-cancer agent by modulating the immune response. Further studies using a nanoparticle system are warranted to achieve optimal working conditions for these bioactive compounds.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic infectious inflammatory brain disease caused by the JE virus (JEV). Considerable research into the seroprevalence of JE in domestic animals has been conducted, but there have been no reports of its occurrence in wild animals, including long-tailed macaques (
). This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of JEV infection and its determinants in long-tailed macaques in Bali and the prevalence of mosquito vectors.
Blood samples (3 mL) were collected from a population of
(92 heads) inhabiting a small forest with irrigated rice field nearby (wetland area) in Ubud, Gianyar, and from two populations in dryland areas with no wet rice field (Uluwatu, Badung, and Nusa Penida, Bali Province, Indonesia). The collected sera were tested for antibodies against JEV using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (qualitative monkey JE Immunoglobulin G antibody kit). The seropositivity of the antibodies was then compared based on different variables, n from the dried field areas.
The study confirms the existence of JEV infection in long-tailed macaques in Bali. There were patterned seropositivity differences based on habitat, age, and sex of the monkeys, but these were not significant. The possibility of monkeys as a JEV reservoir and the presence of the mosquitoes as the JEV vector are suggested but require more study to confirm.
The study confirms the existence of JEV infection in long-tailed macaques in Bali. There were patterned seropositivity differences based on habitat, age, and sex of the monkeys, but these were not significant. The possibility of monkeys as a JEV reservoir and the presence of the mosquitoes as the JEV vector are suggested but require more study to confirm.
Dairy cattle breeding plays a significant role in providing the population with high-quality, reasonably priced goods. The development of this industry and its effectiveness depends on the proper use of available feed products. Feed additives (FAs), as a rule, should compensate for missing elements in the diet. This study aimed to determine the effect of the FA Vermikom on blood parameters, as well as milk physicochemical and mineral composition and yield in lactating dairy cows.
A total of 30 Holstein cows, with an average weight of 650±5 kg, were randomly divided into three groups of 10. Over a period of 5 months, each group was fed one of three diets Mixed main diet without supplements (control), main diet supplemented with 2% Vermikom, and main diet supplemented with 4% Vermikom.
Hematological parameters, productivity, and physicochemical and mineral composition of milk from animals provided the FA Vermikom were higher than those of the control group. In the Vermikom groups, the hemoglobin content we Republic of Kazakhstan.
Exosome-derived microRNA (miRNA) has been widely studied as a non-invasive candidate biomarker for tumor diagnosis in humans and dogs. Its application, however, was primarily focused on intraspecies usage for individual tumor type diagnosis. This study aimed to gain insight into its application as a cross-species differential tumor diagnostic tool; we demonstrated the process of identifying and using exosome-derived miRNA as biomarkers for the classification of lymphoid and mammary tumor cell lines in humans and dogs.
Exosome-derived miRNA sequencing data from B-cell lymphoid tumor cell lines (n=13), mammary tumor cell lines (n=8), and normal mammary epithelium cultures (n=4) were pre-processed in humans and dogs. F-test and rank product (RP) analyses were used to select candidate miRNA orthologs for tumor cell line classification. The classification was carried out using an optimized support vector machine (SVM) with various kernel classifiers, including linear SVM, polynomial SVM, and radial basis functman and veterinary medicine in the future.
Rabies remains a public health concern in Indonesia, and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has stymied rabies prevention and control efforts. There is a need to transform the rabies program to be adaptable to pandemic situations to improve program coverage on dog vaccination and rabies surveillance. This study aimed to create a rabies control (RaCon) mobile application for a community-based rabies surveillance system during COVID-19 in Bali, Indonesia.
We employ the Design Science Research methodology. Surveillance officers, veterinarians, community leaders, outreach workers, and dog owners participated in a series of offline in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The RaCon prototype was evaluated using the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ) framework, which included the system's usefulness, information quality, and interface quality. In this study, we used both a qualitative (n=50) and quantitative (n=342) approach.
According to the findings of this study, integratingluation of its user interface. As a result, further development is required before incorporating RaCon into the rabies prevention and control program.
The RaCon prototype was accepted by the users and got positive feedback in terms of the system's usefulness, information quality, and interface quality dimension. As a result, this prototype has the potential to be integrated into the rabies surveillance system in Bali, particularly to strengthen the community-based rabies surveillance system. Even though this prototype received positive feedback, this study focuses solely on the design development and evaluation of its user interface. As a result, further development is required before incorporating RaCon into the rabies prevention and control program.
New substances for neoplasm treatment have to be carefully studied to minimize adverse effects and prevent disease progression stimulation. PD173074 Jatobá is a typical tree of the
and
biome, with antifungal, antimicrobial, larvicide, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties. This study aimed to investigate the action of the crude extract of Jatobá leaves (EBFJ) on canine osteosarcoma (CO) cells and analyze the expression of biomarkers in neoplasm progression.
D17 cells were cultured and subjected to treatment with EBFJ at different concentrations (10 μg/mL; 100 μg/mL; 1000 μg/mL; 2000 μg/mL; and 5000 μg/mL) and exposure times (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h). The tetrazolium reduction assay and the immunocytochemistry technique, with anti-Bcl2, anti-p53, and anti-Ki-67 antibodies, were used to observe the effect of the extract on cell proliferation.
Doses of 2000 µg and 5000 µg had cell viability of 300.80% and 361.84%, respectively. The extract did not show significant cytotoxicity of samples with the control group. The confluence of cells, the number of labeled cells, and the expression of Bcl2, Ki-67, and p53 were higher in the groups treated with EBFJ, with a statistical difference from the group without treatment.
EBFJ was not cytotoxic and had a proliferative effect on CO D17 cells. The confluence of cells, the number of labeled cells, and the expression of Bcl2, Ki-67, and p53 were higher in the groups treated with the extract.
EBFJ was not cytotoxic and had a proliferative effect on CO D17 cells. The confluence of cells, the number of labeled cells, and the expression of Bcl2, Ki-67, and p53 were higher in the groups treated with the extract.
Micronutrients such as essential amino acids in chicken feed must be balanced to promote optimal development. The balance of the amino acids arginine and lysine in chicken feed is particularly important. This study aimed to examine the effect of the ratio of L-arginine to L-Lysine HCl on growth performance and ileum morphology of native chickens aged 2-14 weeks-old.
One hundred and eighty 2-week-old native chickens which initial weight 78.10±4.97 g were classified into six treatments and five repetitions using a completely randomized design.
T1 (0.50% L-arginine 0.85% L-lysine HCl); T2 (0.75% L-arginine 0.85% L-lysine HCl); T3 (1.00% L-arginine 0.85% L-lysine HCl); T4 (0.50% L-arginine 1.00% L-lysine HCl); T5 (0.75% L-arginine 1.00% L-lysine HCl); and T6 (1.00% L-arginine 1.00% L-lysine HCl).
Groups T3 and T6 had the highest feed consumption (42.06±0.29 and 42.78±0.72 g/bird/day, respectively), while Group T6 had the highest body weight and body weight gain rate (1505.60±103.20 kg/bird and 16.99±1.24 ase the arginine-lysine ratio with low feed protein levels in native chickens.
The highest ratio of arginine-lysine was associated with the largest increase in native chicken feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, and carcass weight, as well as villus height and width, and crypt depth in the ileum. Overall, an arginine-lysine ratio of 0.8-1.20 promoted optimal growth of native chickens aged 2-14 weeks. In the future, it is important to increase the arginine-lysine ratio with low feed protein levels in native chickens.
Vaccines are one of the important tools for fighting diseases and limiting their spread. The development of vaccines with high efficacy against diseases is essential. Ionizing radiation is the method used for the preparation of the irradiated gamma
vaccine. The study aimed to measure the metabolic activity and electron microscopic examination of the irradiated bacterial cells and immunological efficiency of different preparations of the irradiated
vaccine.
The irradiated vaccines were prepared in three forms at a dose of 2×10
colony-forming unit (CFU) (irradiated
, trehalose irradiated
, and trehalose lyophilized irradiated
). The formalin-killed vaccine was prepared at a dose of 2×10
CFU. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the difference between the non-irradiated bacterial cells and the bacterial cells exposed to gamma radiation. The metabolic activity of the irradiated bacterial cells was measured using the Alamar blue technique. Rabbits were divided into five groups (co irradiated
vaccine is an immune booster that gives the irradiated vaccine a long-acting immunological efficiency.
The irradiated M. haemolytica vaccine provides a wide range of humoral and cellular immunity. This study showed high immunological efficiency in rabbits inoculated with the irradiated M. haemolytica vaccine that was shown in the high levels of antibodies (IFNγ and IL4) compared with the group treated with the formalin-killed vaccine. The second dose of irradiated M. haemolytica vaccine is an immune booster that gives the irradiated vaccine a long-acting immunological efficiency.
Specific tumor biomarkers are useful for the early diagnosis of cancer or can predict the recurrence of neoplastic disease in humans and animals. Lymphoma in dogs could be classified into B-, T-, and NK-cell origins. T-cell lymphoma has the worst prognosis with a shorter survival time and disease-free interval. This study aimed to identify the differential serum protein expressions of canine B- and T-cell lymphomas compared with healthy dogs using a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics.
Serum samples were collected from 20 untreated canine lymphomas (14 B-cells and 6 T-cells) and four healthy control dogs. Sera peptides from each sample were processed for TMT 10-plex tagging and analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS). Differential proteome profiling was then compared between lymphoma and control.
We discovered 20 elevated and 14 decreased serum proteins in the lymphoma group relative to the healthy group. Six candidate increased proteins in canine lymphomas were beta-actin cytoplasmic 1 (ACTB, p=0.