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Heat stress causes economic loss of livestock industry in tropical areas. Exploring genetic markers for selection of thermotolerance will benefit chicken production. Oxidative stress and fluid-salt balance are tightly associated with thermotolerance and productivity in domestic animals. The study aimed to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to oxidative stress and ion-channel regulation and their associations with semen quality and hormonal responses. In total, 28 SNPs within 11 candidate genes were identified to associate with hormonal changes and semen quality in both broiler- and layer-type Taiwan country chickens (TCCs) after exposure to acute heat stress at 38 °C for 4 h. Acute heat stress significantly affected plasma levels of triiodothyronine and corticosterone and reduced sperm motility, viability, and concentrations in both strains at Day 1 after exposure. In the B-strain TCCs, five SNPs within NDUFA8 and DAB2IP had significant effects on plasma adrenaline and corticosterone levels, and six SNPs within TRPC1, SLC9A9, and TRPC7 markedly affected plasma corticosterone and triiodothyronine levels. In the L2 strain, 15 SNPs within PSMA2, TPK1, MTF1, and CUL1 exerted effects on plasma corticosterone and triiodothyronine levels. Five SNPs within CUL3, TRPC1, and SLC9A9 in the B strain and two SNPs within MTF1 in the L2 strain were associated with sperm concentrations at Day 1 after exposure to heat stress. In conclusion, acute heat stress impaired semen quality and altered plasma corticosterone and triiodothyronine levels in TCCs. Some SNPs involved in oxidative stress and ion-channel regulation were identified to associate with the hormonal and semen alterations. These SNPs in conjunction with differential hormonal responses and semen quality serve as genetic markers for thermotolerance selection in sire lines of chickens.This study investigated the effects of a low-protein diet supplemented with high lysine, methionine, and threonine levels on production performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, duodenum gene expression and intestinal microorganisms in yellow feather broilers under cyclic heat stress. A total of 162 yellow feather broilers that were 42 d of age were selected and randomly divided into three groups the control group (CONT, CP 16%), heat stress group (HS, CP 16%), and heat stress with low protein and high amino acid group (HS_LP, CP 14.5%). Following 14 d heating stress period, the HS_LP group showed no significant effect on production performance compared with the HS group. After a 28 d feeding trial, compared with the HS group, the HS_LP group significantly reduced feed gain at 15-28 d (P 0.05). Duodenum (P less then 0.05) and ileum (P less then 0.05) villus height were significantly increased, duodenum villus height crypt depth ratio (P less then 0.05) and jejunum crypt depth (P less then 0.05) were significantly decreased, and jejunum villus height was significantly reduced (P less then 0.05) in broilers fed the HS_LP diet. Compared with the HS group, the mRNA level of Claudin-1 was significantly increased (P less then 0.05), and had a tendency to increase Occludin (P = 0.060) in the HS_LP group. In addition, the HS_LP group significantly increased Nitrosomonas abundance (P less then 0.05) and had a tendency to reduce unidentified_Mollicutes abundance (P = 0.083) at the genus level compared with the HS group. This information is useful to formulate diets that correct the decrease in amino acid consumption associated with the reduced voluntary feed intake of broilers under heat stress.The objective of this study was to examine the effect of increased ambient temperature on Hsp70 expression, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), caspase 8, caspase 9 and caspase 3 in relation to the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathway (IAP and EAP) of broiler blood cells (BBC). BBC were maintained at 42 °C and at 5 ranges of temperatures; 42-43, 44-45, 46-47, 48-49, and 50-51 °C. Then Hsp70 expression, SOD activity, NO, MDA, activity of caspase 8, caspase 9 and caspase 3, and living and apoptotic BBC were measured. It was found that Hsp70 expression and SOD were increased at 42-43 °C (P less then 0.05), while the activity of caspase 9 and caspase 3 decreased (P less then 0.05). At higher temperatures of 44-45 °C, caspase 9 and caspase 3 activities were increased and were higher than at 42 °C (P less then 0.05). Apoptosis commenced in the temperature range 46-47 °C; during this range of temperature, NO increased (P less then 0.05), but it decreased at 48-49 °C (P less then 0.05). At the same time, activity of SOD in BBC was increased, achieving the highest levels (P less then 0.05). In addition, activity of caspase 8 and caspase 3 at 48-49 °C was higher than that at 42 °C, and the apoptotic BBC was increased (P less then 0.05). Therefore, temperature effects on BBC could be divided into three phases. The first phase was the temperature at 42 °C. The second phase, or pre-apoptotic phase, was in the temperature range from 42 to 45 °C. The third phase was the apoptosis phase, which manifested at 46 °C and above. These phenomena showed that in the pre-apoptosis phase, Hsp70 suppressed the IAP. On the other hand, in the apoptosis phase, apoptotic BBC is caused by the influence of NO, superoxide and MDA through the EAP.Environmental temperature during early life may have prolonged effects on growth and fatty acid metabolism, which could strongly influence overwintering survival in the first year of life for temperate-zone fish. In the present study, we examined how temperature during early life history might influence growth performance and fatty acid metabolism in age-0 Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) when exposed to cold temperatures at later stages. Fish were initially at 16 °C and subsequently held at 16 °C or 20 °C for 60 days beginning at 34 days post fertilization (dpf). Then, all fish were subsequently raised at the same temperature of 16 °C until the onset of cold conditioning at 158 dpf where temperature was gradually decreased to 3.5 °C and remained there for two weeks. Samples were collected before (151 dpf) and after cold conditioning (199 dpf) to measure total length, body mass, whole body metabolic rate, fatty acid profile in phospholipids and triglycerides and mRNA expression of genes associated with fatty acid desaturation, elongation and β-oxidation. Results revealed that before cold conditioning, total length and body mass did not differ between temperature groups, but fish raised at 20 °C showed a lower condition factor. During the cold conditioning, only fish raised at 16 °C grew significantly longer and heavier. There was no difference in metabolic rates between treatments. Significant increases in total monounsaturated fatty acids with decreases in total saturated fatty acids were identified in phospholipids and triglycerides in both temperature groups after the cold conditioning; however, the 20 °C group did not significantly increase levels of gene expression associated with fatty acid desaturation (SCD and FADS1) whereas the 16 °C group did. Our results suggest that thermal experience during early life may influence overwintering survival of age-0 Lake Sturgeon.Recently, it has been demonstrated that heat-induced male sterility is likely to shape population persistence as climate change progresses. However, an under-explored possibility is that females may be able to successfully store and preserve sperm at temperatures that sterilise males, which could ameliorate the impact of male infertility on populations. Here, we test whether females from two fruit fly species can protect stored sperm from a high temperature stress. We find that sperm carried by female Drosophila virilis are almost completely sterilised by high temperatures, whereas sperm carried by female Zaprionus indianus show only slightly reduced fertility. Heat-shocked D. virilis females can recover fertility when allowed to remate, suggesting that the delivered heat-shock is damaging stored sperm and not directly damaging females in this species. The temperatures required to reduce fertility of mated females are substantially lower than the temperatures required to damage mature sperm in males, suggesting that females are worse than males at protecting mature sperm. This suggests that female sperm storage is unlikely to ameliorate the impacts of high temperature fertility losses in males, and instead exacerbates fertility costs of high temperatures, representing an important determinant of population persistence during climate change.A new phenology model, using thermal sums of triangulated daily temperatures, was applied to the derivation and validation of lower temperature threshold limit and thermal constants of bivoltine Campaea margaritaria (L) from 70 observed flight peak days in The Netherlands (period of 1986-2020) and daily ambient air temperatures of 10 weather stations. Development was assumed to be controlled directly by temperature for the summer generation. During fall a diapause of young larvae was assumed and confirmed. A lower threshold limit of TL = 6.70 ± 0.06 °C was found and a mean thermal winter and summer generation constant of K1,m = 838 ± 9 and K2,m = 848 ± 6 °C.day, respectively, for the reference period of 1993-2013. Generation differences could not be explained with temperature-size rules in ectotherm organisms. Threshold limit and thermal constants depended slightly on the period of derivation indicating short-term plasticity. Flight peak days were calculated with root mean square errors of 2.2-3.0 days for both generations. Changing temperatures of the reference period led to temperature dependences of flight peak days of -6.4 and -8.7 day/°C of the winter and summer generation, respectively. G007-LK cell line Neglecting physiological changes a complete third generation would require an increase of 3.7 °C, a single generation a decrease of 4.1 °C.The present study investigates the effects of water temperature under prolonged feed deprivation on meagre's (Argyrosomus regius) antioxidant defense system and apoptotic pathway. Therefore, triplicate groups of fish were subjected to 4 water temperatures (17, 20, 23, 26 °C) and deprived of feed for 60 days. Heat shock response (HSR) indicators (Hsp70 and Hsp90), activation of MAPK family members, uniquitination, antioxidant enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), and apoptotic indicators such as caspases levels and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were determined in liver and muscle samples that were collected on days 0, 14, 41 and 60. Long term feed deprivation and temperature variations resulted in granulomatosis, HSR induction, MAPK activation, ubiquitination, and triggering of the antioxidant defense and apoptotic machinery of the meagre. Although these responses were differentially expressed at each different imposed temperatures, the most significant variations were mainly observed below 20 °C and above 23 °C. Correlation analysis showed a significant relation between the examined indicators. Thus, the obtained data herein indicated that long term food deprivation induces oxidative stress in fish.