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The aim of the study was to compare the performance of narrow diameter implants in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and normo-glycemic individuals during the first 12 months after implant loading.
In 16 T2DM patients with HbA1C > 6.5% (test group) and 16 normo-glycemic patients (HbA1C < 6.0%; control group), one to two narrow diameter tissue level implants were placed in the posterior maxilla or mandible. After 3-month lasting integration period, implants were loaded by fixed dentures. The clinical parameters probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), attachment loss (CAL), recession and papilla bleeding index (PBI) were assessed manually at loading and after 12 months of function. The paired digital periapical radiographs were analyzed with regard to the change in marginal bone level (MBL) from baseline to 12 months' control. find more The mean values calculated for both patient groups were statistically analyzed. The technical complications were recorded.
The T2DM group accounted 13 patients due to 3 dropouts. The overall implant survival rate after 12 months was 100%. The differences in means for the clinical parameters and the MBL were statistically non-significant between the T2DM and normo-glycemic patients for the short period of loaded function reported here. No technical complications were recorded.
The study demonstrated an encouraging clinical outcome with narrow diameter implants in patients with uncontrolled T2DM compared to non-diabetics after 12 months post loading. For the short observation period, no biological and technical complications were reported regardless the glycemic status.
Patients with HbA1C > 6.5% may benefit from the treatment with narrow diameter implants by avoiding complex surgical interventions with augmentation procedures.
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04630691.
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04630691.
This study aimed to assess the effect of application time on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of three universal adhesives in demineralized and sound enamel before and after aging.
Bovine teeth (192) were prepared where buccal surfaces were ground and divided into two groups (sound enamel and demineralized enamel). The specimens in each group were divided into 12 subgroups by combining 3 adhesive agents (All-Bond Universal, Scotchbond Universal, and Tokuyama Universal Bond) × 4 adhesion strategy. Each adhesive was applied with either prolonged (PA) or reduced (RA) application time in etch-and-rinse or self-etch mode. Bonded composites were subjected to μSBS testing after 24-h or 2-year water storage. The results were evaluated using four-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (α = 0.05).
The μSBS of adhesives to sound enamel in both etching modes was mostly similar to demineralized enamel, regardless of application time and aging time. At 24-h, all adhesives with PA in self-etch mode showed higher μSBS when compared with RA, except Tokuyama Universal Bond, but after 2-year aging, no significant difference was found in μSBS between RA and PA. The μSBS of adhesives with PA in etch-and-rinse mode depended on used adhesive and enamel condition compared to RA, regardless of μSBS testing time.
PA of adhesives did not reveal a significant difference in μSBS to enamel, regardless of substrate type and etching mode.
After 2-year aging, the bond strength of universal adhesives presented no significant difference between PA and RA treatments.
After 2-year aging, the bond strength of universal adhesives presented no significant difference between PA and RA treatments.Long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) are commonly found in lipid-rich wastewaters and are a key factor to monitor the anaerobic digesters. A new simple, fast, precise, and suitable method for routine analysis of LCFA is proposed. The system involves in-syringe-magnetic stirring-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) without a derivatization process. Calibration curves were prepared in an ethanol solution (R2 ≥ 0.996), which was also useful as disperser solvent. Hexane was chosen as the extraction solvent. Several parameters (pH, ionic strength, extraction solvent volume, stirring time) were optimized in multivariate and univariate studies. Limits of detection (LODs) were found in the range 0.01-0.05 mg L-1 and good precision inter-day (RSDs≤7.9%) and intra-day (RSDs≤4.4%) were obtained. The method was applied to quantify LCFA in supernatants of anaerobic digesters and olive mill wastewaters (OMW). Palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids were the most abundant fatty acid in the analyzed samples and the relative recoveries for all of them were between 81 and 113%.Encapsulation in liposomes has been an efficient strategy to improve the stability of sensitive bioactive compounds such as essential oils (EOs). However, the stability of liposomal formulations remains a key parameter controlling the delivery of encapsulated ingredients. Cholesterol (Chol) modulates the membrane properties conferring stability to the lipid bilayer. Thus, the Chol content in the liposome formulations encapsulating EO components should be carefully chosen. In this work, various liposome formulations differing by Chol content (DPPCChol 10010; 10025; 10050; 10075; 100100) were exposed to a series of 22 EO components at DPPC/EO 100/25. The formulations were characterized for their final composition and their permeability to the hydrophilic fluorophore, sulforhodamine B (SRB), was monitored. Results showed that the Chol content experimentally determined for the various formulations (above 10% Chol) was below the theoretical weighed Chol. Among the tested components, 13 molecules displayed a significant permeabilizing effect on 10% Chol membranes. Most of these possess a hydroxyl group. The EO induced permeability was dependent on the Chol content which affects the membrane phase their effect was reduced upon increasing Chol content keeping five EOs components effective at 40% Chol. The EO's effect was also linked to the hydrophobicity of the molecule. Hence, the DPPCChol ratio of the formulation is chosen considering the structure of the compound, its hydrophobicity and its effect on the permeability at different Chol content a formulation comprising 40% Chol is suggested for highly hydrophobic molecules whereas a formulation with higher Chol content could be selected for less hydrophobic compounds.