Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiological Factors in the Context of COVID19 along with Obesity

The assessment of human health risks resulting from the presence of metabolites in groundwater and food residues has become an important element in pesticide authorisation. In this context, the evaluation of mutagenicity is of particular interest and a paradigm shift from exposure-triggered testing to in silico based screening has been recommended in the EFSA Guidance on the establishment of the residue definition for dietary risk assessment. In addition, it is proposed to apply in silico predictions when experimental mutagenicity testing is not possible due to a lack of sufficient quantities of the pesticide metabolite. This, combined with animal welfare and economic considerations, has led to a situation where an increasing number of in silico studies are submitted to regulatory authorities. Whilst there is extensive experience with in silico predictions for mutagenicity in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, their suitability in pesticide regulation is still insufficiently considered. Therefore, we herein discuss critical issues that need to be resolved to successfully implement (Q)SAR as an accepted tool in pesticide regulation. For illustration purposes, the results of a pilot study are included. The presented study highlights a need for further improvement regarding the predictivity and application domain of (Q)SAR systems for pesticides and their metabolites, but also raises other questions such as model selection, establishment of acceptance criteria, harmonised approaches to the combination of model outputs into overall conclusions, adequate reporting and data sharing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND This study evaluates the efficacy of lingual tonsil resection by transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in a large group of patients with recurrent lingual tonsillitis (RLT). METHODS Eighty-four patients with RLT treated with a lingual tonsil surgical resection using TORS were analyzed in terms of their postoperative results, disease recurrence, postoperative dysphagia, and quality of life. RESULTS A reduction of the mean number/year of acute lingual tonsillitis (LT) episodes emerged after surgery (5.17 vs 0.54 events), comparing the mean number of preoperative and postoperative LT episodes, a statistical significance emerged (P = .0001). The postoperative endoscopic evaluation showed 94.1% of patients with absent or poor lymphatic tissue on the tongue base. Evaluation of postoperative dysphagia showed good results with an average score of 85.9 ± 7.5. CONCLUSION This article explains how in patients with chronic LT with medical therapy failure and impaired quality of life, TORS could represent a valid therapeutic option. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.A proper biological microenvironment conducive to tissue repair and regeneration, while the bioimplant interface directly affects the local microenvironment. In this study, to improve the biological microenvironment, a nanosized tantalum boride (Ta-B) was coated on a titanium alloy substrate (Ti6Al4V, TC4) using magnetron cosputtering. The sample surface was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). GSK864 molecular weight To investigate the effects of tantalum boride coating on the microenvironment, rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), and RAW 264.7 cells were respectively seeded on the sample surface and relevant experiments were conducted in vitro. The pure tantalum coating (Ta) and naked TC4 were prepared as controls. Our results showed that the Ta-B coating enhanced cell proliferation and adhesion and inhibited the inflammatory response. Findings of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining and real-time PCR for osteoblastic gene expression indicated that Ta-B and Ta coating improve the osteogenesis, in which Ta-B coating showed higher osteogenesis than Ta coating. Thus, this study suggests that Ta-B coating with excellent biocompatibility could have new applications for wound healing in bone tissue engineering. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.SCOPE The aim of this study was to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. METHODS In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obese participants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three different iso-energetic meals Western diet high-fat (WDHF), Western diet high-carbohydrate (WDHC), and Mediterranean diet (MED) meal. Blood samples were collected at fasting and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h postprandially and analyzed for parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidation and antioxidant status. RESULTS Compared to MED and WDHF meals, intake of a WDHC meal resulted in prolonged and elevated increases in glucose and insulin. Elevations for triglycerides were enhanced after the WDHF meal compared to the MED and the WDHC meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and interleukin-6 increased postprandially without meal differences. Apart from vitamin C showing an increase after the MED meal and a decrease after WDHF and WDHC meals, antioxidant markers decreased postprandially without meal differences. Plasma interleukin-1β was not affected by meal intake. CONCLUSIONS Energy-rich meals induced hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, an inflammatory response and a decrease in antioxidant markers. A meal typical for the Mediterranean diet resulted in favorable effects on glycemic, insulinemic and lipemic responses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency, causes and post-repair outcomes of NOF in hospitals supported by the Fistula Care Plus (FC+) project in the Democratic Republic of Congo. METHODS Retrospective cohort study from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2017 in three FC+ supported fistula repair sites. RESULTS Of 1984 women treated for female genital fistula between 2015 and 2017 in the three FC+ supported hospitals, 384 (19%) were considered to be non-obstetric fistula (NOF) cases. 49.3% were married/in a relationship at the time of treatment vs. 69% before the fistula, p less then 0.001. Type III (n=247 ; 64.3%) and type I (n=121 ; 31.5%) fistulas according to Kees/Waaldijk classification were the most common. The main causes of NOF were medical procedure (n=305 ; 79.4%); of these caesarean section (n=234 ; 76.7%) and hysterectomy (n=54 ; 17.7%) were the most common. At hospital discharge, the fistula was closed and dry in 353 women (95.7%). CONCLUSION Non-obstetric fistula, particularly due to iatrogenic causes, was relatively common in the DRC, calling for more prevention that includes improved quality of care in maternal health services.